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Quick Facts on Human Anatomy: Nervous System

Quick Facts on Human Anatomy: Nervous System

Quick Facts on Human Anatomy: Nervous System

Nervous system consists of - The Nerves, The brain and the spinal cord. Nervous system controls and regulate the activities of all the other system of the human body. It provides the fastest path for communication within the human body. It presents in Animal but absent in plants. The major parts of Human Nervous system are as follows -
  1. Central Nervous System
  2. Peripheral Nervous System
  3. Autonomous Nervous System
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Brain - Brain is the main organ of the nervous system. Basically it plays a major role in Human body. It consists of cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata but it is divided into three parts - Forebrain (Front Side), Midbrain (Middle), Hindbrain (Back side). It Lies in cranium of skull.
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Short bits on Important Points: 
  • Cerebrum - It controls all voluntary actions and is the seat of intelligence.  Its stores the information in its memory. It is the largest part of brain.
  • Thalamus - Basically it deals with pain, pressure, tempreture, etc. 
  • Cerebellum - It controls & regulates the muscular movement and balancing in human body.
  • Medula Oblongata - It is the lowermost part of the brain. It is the long connecting part of brain to spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions like Heart Beat, Blood vessels, breathing, etc.
  • Spinal Cord - The spinal cord is the elongated near by cylindrical continuation of medula oblongata. Spinal cord is the centre of various reflex actions like blinking of the eye when an object suddenly placed near to eyes. 
Muscular System
  • The Total Number of muscles in Human body is 636 (Approx). 
  • Study of Muscles is called Mycology.
  • Voluntary muscles are stripped not independent. They are controlled by Spinal cord. Ex. Hand muscles.
  • Involuntary muscles are smooth and are concerned with survival of the animal. They are controlled by autonomic nervous system (ANS) Ex. Eye muscles.
  • Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles but stripped, ex. heart (cardiac) muscles.
  • Muscles convert chemical energy (Glucose) into mechanical energy. In human this conversion efficiency is 25%.
  • Muscle fatigue is the accumulation of LACTIC ACID.
Human Endocrine Gland
It includes endocrine or ductless glands. Its secretions is termed as Hormones. Different types of Hormones are as follows -
  1. Steroids Hormones
  2. Peptides Hormones.
  3. Amino Acid and Derivatives.
Major Enocrine Glands and its Secretations are shown in the below Chart:

Glands
Hormones (Secretations)
Pituitary Glands (Known as Master Gland)
Antidiuretic Hormones and Follicle Stimulating Hormones (FSH)
Thyroid Glands (Largest Endocrine gland)
Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine calcitonin.
Parathyroid Glands
Parathromone.
Adrenal Glands (Known as Emergency Gland)
Cortin and Adrenalin.
Pineal Gland (Known as Clockwork gland)
-

Other Major Glands:
  • Liver Secretes Bile Juice.
  • Lachrymal Glands (Eye) secretes Tears.
  • Pancreas Secrets Pancreatic Juice.
  • Mamary glands secretes milk. 
You May Also Like: Functions of Human Body
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