Polity Notes: Fundamental Duties and Parts of Constitution

Fundamental Duties and Parts of Constitution

Important Bullet Points:
The Fundamental Duties were included in the Constitution with idea of – curbing subversive and unconstitutional activities.

• Part VII was deleted by the 7th Amendment Act (1956).
• Part IV-A and Part XIV-A were added by the 42nd Amendment Act (1976).
• Part IX-A was added by the 74th Amendments Act (1992).
• Part IX-B was added by the 97th Amendment Act (2011).

Background of Fundamental Duties:

• These were added on the recommendation of Swaran Singh Committee (1976).
• This committee recommended for the inclusion of 8 fundamentals duties; this amendment included 10 fundamental duties.
• The Fundamental Duties are borrowed from USSR.
• The 10 Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution in the year 1976 through 42nd Amendment.
• The 11th F.D. was added in the year 2002. Through 86th Amendment.

List of 11th Fundamental Duties:

These Duties are laid down in the Article 51A.

• To abide by the Constitution and respect is ideals and institutions, the National Flag and National Anthem.
• To Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India.
• To defend the country and render national Service when called upon so.
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
• To protect improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures.
• To develop scientific temper, humanism and the sprite of inquiry and reform.
• To safeguard public property and adjure violence.
• To strive towards excellence in all Spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
• Every parent or guardian to provide opportunity for education to his/her child or ward between the age of 6 & 14.

Parts of India Constitutionat at a glance:

Parts	Subject Matter	Article Covered
I	The Union and its territory	1 to 4
II	Citizenship	5 to 11
III	Fundamentals Rights	12 to 35
IV	Directive Principle of State Policy	36 to 51
IV-A	Fundamentals Duties	51-A
V	The Union Government	52 to 151
	Chapter I – The Executive	52 to 78
	Chapter II – Parliament	79 to 122
	Chapter III – Legislative Powers of President	123
	Chapter IV- The Union Judiciary	124 to 147
	Chapter V – Comptroller and Auditor –General of India	148 to 151
VI	The State Government	152 to 237
	Chapter I – General	152
	Chapter II – The Executive	153 to 167
	Chapter III – The State Legislature	168 to 212
	Chapter IV – Legislative Powers of Governor	213
	Chapter V – The High Court	214 to 232
	Chapter VI – Subordinate Courts	233 to 237
VII	The States in Part B of he First Schedule (deleted)	238 (deleted)
VIII	The Union Territories	239 to 242
IX	The Panchayats	243 to 243-0
IX-A	The Municipalities	243-P to 243-ZG
IX-B	The Co-operative Societies	243-ZH to 243- ZT
X	The Scheduled and Tribal Areas	244 to 244-A
XI	Relations between the Union and States	245 to 263
	Chapter I – Legislative Relations	245 to 255
	Chapter II – Administrative Relations	256 to 263
XII	Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits	264 to 300-A
	Chapter I – Finance	264 to 291
	Chapter II – Borrowing	292 to 293
	Chapter III – Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits.	294 to 300
	Chapter IV – Right to Property	300-A
XIII	Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory of India.	301 to 307
XIV	Service under the Union and the States	308 to 323
	Chapter I – Service	308 to 314
	Chapter II – Public Service Commissions.	315 to 323
XIV-A	Tribunals	323-A to 323-B
XV	Elections	324 to 329-A
XVI	Special Provisions relating to Certain Classes	330 to 342
XVII	Official Language	343 to 351
	Chapter I – Language of the Union	343 to 344
	Chapter II – Regional Language	345 to 347
	Chapter III – Language of the Supreme Court, High Court, and so on	348 to 349
	Chapter IV – Special Directives	350 to 351
XVIII	Emergency Provisions	352 to 360
XIX	Miscellaneous	361 to 367
XX	Amendment of the Constitution	368
XXI	Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions	369 to 392
XXII	Short title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals	393 to 395