Important National Activities - History of India for SSC Exams

Quick Facts on Important National Activities

The Indian National Congress - 

• It was formed in 1885 by A.O.Hume (Englishman) a retired civil servant.
• First session was held in Bombay under W.C. Banerjee in 1885

Partition of Bengal - 

• By Lord Curzon on 16th October 1905.
• The main objective was to setup a communal gulf between Hindus and Muslims.

Swadeshi Movements (1905) - 

• The main role was played by Lal, Bal, Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh.
• Indian National Congress Took the Swadeshi call first time at Banaras Session, 1905 presided over by G.K. Gokhale

Formation of Muslim League (1906) - 

• Setup in 1906 under the leadership of Aga Khan amd Nawab Salimullah.
• It was a loyalist, communal and conservative political organisation which was supported the partion of Bengal, opposed the swadeshi movement, demanded special safeguard to its community and a separate electorate for Muslims.

Surat Sessiom (1907) - 

• The Indian National Congress Split into two groups - The Extremist and The Moderates.
• The Extremist were led by Lal, Bal and Pal and The Moderate were led by G.opal Krishna Gokhale.

Morley Minto Reforms or Indian Councils Acts (1909) - 

• Besides other constitutional measures, it envisaged a seperate electorate for Muslims.
• Aimed at dividing the nationalist ranks and at rallying the moderates and the Muslims to the Government's Side.

Gadar Party (1913) - 

• Formed by Lala Hardayal, Taraknath Das and Sohan Singh Bhakna.
• Headquarters was at San Francisco.

Home Rule Movement (1916) - 

• Started by Baal Gangadhar Tilak at Poona and Smt. Annie Besant and S.Subramania lyer at Adyar Chennai. 
• The main objective of self government for India in the British Empire.

Lucknow Pact (1916) - 

• It was formed following a war between Britain and Turkey leading to Anti Britsish feelings among Muslims.

August Declaration (1917) - 

• After the Lucknow Pact , a british policy was announced which aimed at "increasing association of Indians in every branches of administration for progressive realization of responsible government in India as an integral part of british empire.

Rowalatt Act (18 March 1919) - 

• This gave unbridled powers to the Government to arrest and imprison suspects without any trial for maximum of two years.
• This Law enabled the Government to suspend the rights of Habeas Corpus, which had been the foundation of civil liberties in Britain.